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Palliative Radiotherapy and Palliative Cancer Care
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Palliative care is increasingly recognized as an important component of
quality care for cancer patients. Improving access to, and availability and
quality of, comprehensive palliative care in cancer is an important and
ongoing global challenge. This publication focuses on radiotherapy as a
major tool in cancer and gives summaries of current approaches in palliative
radiotherapy and care. It describes the steps needed to enhance
access and quality of care, to incorporate palliative radiotherapy and palliative
care within an integrated multidisciplinary approach. It is hoped
that this publication will be a resource for administrations, professionals
and teachers working to improve the management of palliative care and
radiotherapy for patients.
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Schedules of Provisions of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material 2005 Edition - Safety Guide
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Since 1961, IAEA Transport Regulations have been used worldwide by industry, competent authorities and international organizations. While the provisions of the Regulations are essentially clear and unambiguous, they are often also highly technical in nature and unavoidably complex. Therefore, there is a need for this publication that supplements the Regulations by providing specific information on individual consignments, to help users to identify the applicable requirements. It assists users in complying with the safety standards prescribed in the IAEA Transport Regulations.
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Evaluated Nuclear Data for Nuclides within the Thorium-Uranium Fuel Cycle
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The thorium based nuclear fuel cycle offers many advantages with respect to safety, reduced proliferation risk and waste management. However, the quality of nuclear data for the relevant materials is lower than for the comparable materials in uranium or mixed oxide (plutonium) fuel cycles. This publication presents the results of a coordinated research project aiming to improve the database of experimentally measured nuclear data of nuclides appearing in the thorium-uranium fuel cycle. It includes complex and comprehensive evaluated nuclear data files with a broad consensus on quality and validated performance based on benchmark test cases.
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Production of Long Lived Parent Radionuclides for Generators: 68Ge, 82Sr, 90Sr and 188W
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This book provides information on the production and processing of four important long lived parent radionuclides, 68Ge, 82Sr, 90Sr and 188W, used for the preparation of generators for nuclear medicine applications such as positron emission tomography and therapy. It includes descriptions of the production routes for and process chemistry of the selected parent radionuclides, including relevant separation approaches. Information on use of the generator system and on physical and chemical characteristics is also provided.
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Safety of Conversion Facilities and Uranium Enrichment Facilities Specific Safety Guide
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This Safety Guide supplements the Safety Requirements publication on Safety of Fuel Cycle Facilities and addresses all the stages in the life cycle of conversion facilities (CFs) and enrichment facilities (EFs), with emphasis placed on design and operation. It describes the actions, conditions and procedures for meeting safety requirements and deals specifically with the handling, processing and storage of depleted, natural and low enriched uranium. The publication is intended to be of use to designers, operating organizations and regulators for ensuring the safety of conversion and enrichment facilities.
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Safety of Uranium and Plutonium Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facilities Specific Safety Guide
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This Safety Guide supplements the Safety Requirements publication Safety of Fuel Cycle Facilities, and addresses all the stages in the life cycle of MOX fuel fabrication facilities (MFFFs), with emphasis placed on design and operation. It describes the actions, conditions and procedures for meeting safety requirements and deals specifically with the handling, processing and storage of plutonium oxide, depleted, natural or reprocessed uranium oxide, mixed oxide manufactured from the above to be used as a feed material to form MOX fuel rods and assemblies for export and subsequent use in water reactors and fast breeder reactors. The publication is intended to be of use to designers, operating organizations and regulators to ensure the safety of MOX fuel fabrication facilities.
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Safety of Uranium Fuel Fabrication Facilities Specific Safety Guide
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This Safety Guide supplements the Safety Requirements publication Safety of Fuel Cycle Facilities, and addresses all the stages in the life cycle of uranium fuel fabrication facilities (UFFFs), with emphasis being placed on design and operation. It describes the actions, conditions and procedures for meeting safety requirements and deals specifically with the handling, processing and storage of low enriched uranium that has a 235U concentration of no more than 6%, derived from natural, highly enriched or reprocessed uranium. The publication is intended to be of use to designers, operating organizations and regulators to ensure the safety of UFFFs.
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Nuclear Power Reactors in the World
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This report provides the most recent reactor data available, summarizing general information on power reactors operating, under construction, or shut down, and on performance data on reactors operating in the Agency’s member states.
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Review of Fuel Failures in Water Cooled Reactors
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This publication responds to the growing awareness of a need for open discussion and concerted actions to improve nuclear fuel reliability. It contains unique worldwide statistics on fuel failure rates, covering about 96% of water cooled reactor fuels. This gives the most representative picture of fuel reliability available in the open literature and presents a number of valuable conclusions. The publication also describes modern methods of detection and examination of fuel failures, analyzes their mechanisms and root causes, and recommends failure prevention and mitigation measures. These data and information are important elements for closing the circle of the fuel quality management system through providing feedback information about fuel performance.
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Planning a Clinical PET Centre
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The establishment of a PET (positron emission tomography) facility constitutes a large commitment in terms of initial capital and infrastructure development and support, especially in developing countries, where PET and CT (computed tomography) are in limited use or absent. The emergence of a hybrid system, such as PET/CT has stimulated much interest among clinicians as it provides additional information which is essential for the management of many cancers.
This publication is intended to assist health care administrators and clinicians in their efforts to plan and establish a new clinical PET facility. It covers the role of PET and the emerging hybrid technology PET/CT which provides additional information for successful cancer management as well as local high priority health issues. It also provides comprehensive information for the establishment of medically oriented cyclotron facilities for the production of PET tracers and of radiopharmacies, all central to the delivery of PET services. Cost-effectiveness of PET and strategies for useful decision-making with regard to implementation of PET procedures in clinical practice are also covered.
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Trends and Practices in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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This publication will be of interest for students and professionals in
radiation oncology and cancer control programs. It serves as a source
of information on treatment decisions with regard to Hepatocelluar
carcinoma (HCC) or liver cancer. Radiotherapy plays a major role in the
treatment of HCC, which is one of the most common causes of cancer and
cancer death globally. However, to date there were no uniform recommendations,
and the use of radiotherapy is limited by pre-existing liver
disease. The present publication reports the results of an assessment of
the role of radiotherapy within the entire framework of HCC management.
It may guide the appropriate use of limited resources towards the
most appropriate indications, and help in differentiating approaches used
for cure or palliation in HCC.
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Development and Application of Level 1 Probabilistic Safety Assessment for Nuclear Power Plants
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The objective of this Safety Guide is to provide
recommendations for meeting the IAEA safety
requirements in performing or managing a level 1 probabilistic safety
assessment (PSA) project for a nuclear power plant. These recommendations
promote technical consistency among level 1 PSA studies and support
applications of PSA and risk informed decision making. The Safety
Guide’s scope encompasses all operational conditions of the plant and
potential initiating events and hazards.
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Development and Application of Level 2 Probabilistic Safety Assessment for Nuclear Power Plants
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The objective of this Safety Guide is to provide
recommendations for meeting the IAEA safety
requirements in performing or managing a level 2 probabilistic safety
assessment (PSA) project for a nuclear power plant; thus it complements
the Safety Guide on level 1 PSA. One of the aims of this Safety Guide is
to promote a standard framework, standard terms and a standard set
of documents for level 2 PSAs to facilitate regulatory and external peer
review of their results. It describes all elements of the level 2 PSA that
need to be carried out if the starting point is a fully comprehensive level
1 PSA.
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Appropriate Use of FDG-PET for the Management of Cancer Patients
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The use of PET (positron emission tomography) has become the standard quality of care for optimal management of patients with cancer. The availability of the hybrid PET/CT (positron emission tomography/computed tomography) scanner has further improved the utility of PET scanning and provides additional benefits to both patients and to the health system. This publication addresses the important issue of appropriateness of the application of PET/CT procedures in different clinical scenarios of many cancers. It is a useful resource for specialists in nuclear medicine and oncology, and aims to make reliable information widely available to those Member States where PET programmes are still in their planning phase or where the use of PET scanning is limited.
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Atlas of Isotope Hydrology - The Americas
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At the core of all efforts for sustainable human development lies an adequate supply of freshwater. With increasing population numbers and economic growth, it is imperative that we reach a balance between demand and the availability of freshwater, protect available resources in rives, lakes and aquifers, and prevent disputes over shared resources. Although a significant portion of the Earth's freshwater is renewed by the hydrological cycle, freshwater is still a finite resource and, unlike many other strategic resources, it has no substitute in most of its uses. Nearly half of all freshwater used for drinking and irrigation worldwide is groundwater, on which irrigation and the world's food supply are dependent. Yet, the world's groundwater resources are not well understood. Water resources management and related policy development require widely acceptable scientific information on the hydrology of water bodies. naturally occurring isotopes in water provide unique hydrological information and the associated techniques are highly cost effective. The applications of isotopes in hydrology have from the very beginning been part of the IAEA's programmes related to the peaceful applications of nuclear energy. The focus on the IAEA's work has been to develop appropriate methods for use in water resources management and to assist its Member States in using those methods. The IAEA has helped create a large body of isotope data on the world's rivers, lakes and aquifers that can be used for resource assessment and management on a local, regional and continental scale.
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Educational Programme in Nuclear Security
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Higher education plays an essential role in nuclear security capacity building. It ensures the availability of experts able to provide the necessary competencies for the effective national nuclear security oversight of nuclear and other radioactive material and to establish and maintain an appropriate nuclear regime in a State. This guide provides both the theoretical knowledge and the practical skills necessary to meet the requirements described in the international framework for nuclear security Emphasis is placed on the implementation of these requirements and recommendations in States. On the basis of this guide, each university should be able to develop its own academic programme tailored to suit the State’s educational needs in the area of nuclear security and to meet national requirements.
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